GCr15 Steel Graphite Bushings
GCr15 Steel Graphite Bushings
Discover our plain bearings: Flange bearings, sleeve bushings, and thrust washers. Customizable bushing materials available. Our products are wear-resistant, maintenance-free, and designed to withstand dirt, dust, and corrosion.
GCr15 Steel Graphite Bushings: Revolutionizing the World of Bearings
GCr15 Steel Graphite Bushings: Performance Characteristics and Application Areas
GCr15 steel graphite bushings are a high-performance self-lubricating bearing produced by Jiaxing Gorun. They utilize GCr bearing steel as the base material, embedded with solid lubricants such as graphite or MoS2 to enhance lubrication and durability. These bushings are designed for special working environments involving high temperatures, heavy loads, and low-speed operations, and are widely used in applications such as metallurgical continuous casting machines, train supports, rolling equipment, mining machinery, ships, and gas turbines.
🔩 GCr15 Steel Bearing Bushing – Chemical Composition
The GCr15 bearing bushing is made from a high-carbon chromium alloy steel widely used in rolling bearings. Its chemical composition is as follows:
| Element | Content (%) |
|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.95 – 1.05 |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.15 – 0.35 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.25 – 0.45 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 1.40 – 1.65 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | ≤ 0.10 |
| Phosphorus (P) | ≤ 0.025 |
| Sulfur (S) | ≤ 0.025 |
| Nickel (Ni) | ≤ 0.30 |
| Copper (Cu) | ≤ 0.25 |
🔧 Key Features:
-
High hardness and excellent wear resistance after heat treatment
-
Good dimensional stability
-
Excellent fatigue strength under rolling contact
-
Suitable for high-load and high-speed applications
📌 Typical Applications:
-
Precision bearing bushings
-
Bearing rings and rolling elements
-
Automotive and industrial machinery components
-
High-precision spindles and rotating equipment
Performance Characteristics
Exceptional Compressive Strength: By embedding solid lubricants like graphite in the steel matrix, models such as JDB-5 are particularly suited for supporting parts in lifting machinery. This structure can withstand extreme loads while continuously releasing graphite during friction to form a lubricating film, thus significantly enhancing compressive strength.Outstanding Wear Resistance and Chemical Stability: The SL1 solid lubricant, composed of high-purity graphite and additives, not only offers excellent wear resistance but also maintains stable chemical properties at temperatures below 400°C. This makes it suitable for use in general machinery and atmospheric conditions.Superior Lubrication and Protection: The embedded graphite creates a membrane between the shaft and the sleeve, effectively preventing direct metal-to-metal contact and avoiding seizure. This design protects the integrity of the shaft and extends the lifespan of both the shaft and sleeve, reducing maintenance frequency and costs.
Application Areas
- Metallurgical Continuous Casting Machines: Graphite bushings effectively distribute pressure and reduce wear, prolonging equipment lifespan.
- Train Supports: GCr15 steel graphite bushings are widely used in train support applications.
- Rolling Equipment: These bushings play a crucial role in rolling equipment.
- Mining Machinery: In applications like excavator supports and winch supports, graphite-embedded steel bushings efficiently disperse pressure and minimize wear.
- Ships: GCr15 steel graphite bushings find extensive applications in the maritime industry.
- Gas Turbines: These bushings are also utilized in gas turbine equipment.
Limitations
Despite their excellent performance under various conditions, the properties of the base material GCr15 steel limit their application in water or acidic and alkaline environments. In such cases, alternative materials or special treatments may be necessary to meet operational requirements.In summary, GCr15 steel graphite bushings are significant in many industrial fields due to their exceptional compressive strength, wear resistance, chemical stability, and superior lubrication and protection capabilities. However, their limitations in high-temperature and specific chemical environments must also be considered during selection and application. By understanding their physical and chemical properties, users can better leverage the advantages of these bushings while avoiding potential application restrictions, ensuring optimal mechanical performance and equipment protection.
Graphite steel bushingis a reinforced product with high compression resistance. It can discharge lubricating particles during operation and create a layer of diaphragm between the shaft and the sleeve, which is more resistant to bite than single-oil lubrication. The advantages are particularly adapted to the support of the hoisting machinery.
Graphite steel bushingis , is made by Iron GCr15 material. It is of high compress strength and particularly suitable for support or low, middle and high load. Most suitable for the supporting position of hoisting machine, e.g. bulldozer supporter, hoister supporter, reeling machine supporter
GCr15 steel graphite bushings are gaining popularity in various industries due to their impressive combination of mechanical properties and self-lubricating features. These bushings, made from GCr15 bearing steel and embedded with solid lubricant graphite, offer an exceptional alternative to traditional bronze and metal-plastic bushings. In this article, we will explore the properties and advantages of GCr15 steel graphite bushings and their various applications.
Properties of GCr15 Steel
GCr15 steel, also known as bearing steel, is a high-carbon chromium steel alloy with excellent hardness and wear resistance. The key properties of GCr15 steel include:
- High hardness: GCr15 steel has a Rockwell hardness of 60-67 HRC, making it perfect for heavy-duty applications where resistance to wear is crucial.
- High wear resistance: The high carbon and chromium content in GCr15 steel offers superior wear resistance and increased service life.
- Strong dimensional stability: GCr15 steel has a low deformation rate under high temperatures and high loads, ensuring consistent performance in various conditions.
Self-Lubricating Graphite
Graphite is a solid lubricant that provides excellent self-lubricating properties, reducing friction, and wear. When embedded in GCr15 steel bushings, graphite:
- Reduces friction: The self-lubricating graphite ensures a continuous supply of lubricant between the mating surfaces, reducing friction and wear.
- Enhances load-bearing capacity: The embedded graphite particles increase the load-bearing capacity of the bushing, making it suitable for high-load applications.
- Minimizes maintenance: The self-lubricating nature of graphite reduces the need for regular maintenance, such as oiling and greasing.
Advantages of GCr15 Steel Graphite Bushings
- Low maintenance: The self-lubricating graphite eliminates the need for regular lubrication, reducing maintenance costs and downtime.
- High load capacity: GCr15 steel graphite bushings are capable of handling heavy loads due to their high hardness and excellent wear resistance.
- Long service life: The combination of GCr15 steel and embedded graphite ensures a longer service life compared to traditional bushings, minimizing the need for replacements.
- Environmental benefits: The reduced need for additional lubricants makes GCr15 steel graphite bushings an eco-friendly choice, lowering the environmental impact of industrial processes.
- Wide temperature range: These bushings perform well under a broad range of temperatures, ensuring optimal performance in diverse applications and environments.
Applications of GCr15 Steel Graphite Bushings
GCr15 steel graphite bushings are used in various industries and applications, including:
- Automotive: Suspension systems, steering systems, and transmission components.
- Heavy machinery: Construction equipment, mining machinery, and agricultural machinery.
- Industrial equipment: Conveyors, pumps, and valves.
- Aerospace: Landing gear systems and aircraft components.
- Marine: Propeller shafts and rudder systems.
Conclusion
GCr15 steel graphite bushings offer an innovative solution for industries requiring high-performance bearings with low maintenance requirements. Their unique combination of GCr15 steel’s hardness and wear resistance with the self-lubricating properties of graphite make them a game-changer in the world of bearings. As industries continue to seek eco-friendly and cost-effective alternatives, GCr15 steel graphite bushings will undoubtedly play a significant role in meeting those demands.
GCr15 bearing steel
GCr15 bearing steel is a kind of high carbon chromium bearing steel with low alloy content, good performance and most widely used.After quenching and tempering, it has high and uniform hardness, good wear resistance and high contact fatigue performance.The steel has medium cold working plasticity, general cutting performance, poor welding performance, high sensitivity to forming white point, and temper brittleness.GCr15 bearing steel, including C0.95-1.05, Mn0.25-0.45, Si0.15-0.35.
After spheroidizing annealing, it has good cutting performance.After quenching and tempering, the hardness is high and even, wear resistance and contact fatigue strength are high.Good thermal processing performance. Contains less alloy elements, the price is cheaper.
How to make GCr15 steel
The smelting quality of bearing steel is very high, and the content and distribution of sulfur, phosphorus and non-metallic inclusions need to be strictly controlled, because the content and distribution of non-metallic inclusions have a great impact on the life of bearing steel.The basic quality requirements for bearing steel are purity and uniform organization.Purity means that impurity elements and non-metallic sundries should be less, and uniform structure means that carbide in steel should be fine and evenly distributed.The higher the amount of inclusion, the shorter the life.In order to improve the quality of smelting, electric furnace smelting and electroslag remelting have been adopted recently, vacuum smelting and vacuum self-consuming refining can also be used to improve the quality of bearing steel.
Chemical composition
S: 0.020 or less
P: 0.027 or less
Cr: 1.40 to 1.65
High Quality GCr15 Steel Graphite Bushings
GCr15 Steel Graphite Bushings is based on high quality carbon structural steel or bearing steel;The inner wall of the matrix is combined with the casting copper alloy wear resistant material layer, and the joint surface adopts centrifugal casting process, showing the melting state.In the bearing, the through hole between the outer wall or the blind hole in the inner wall, the solid lubrication column with high purity graphite is inlay. The friction area of the solid lubrication column accounts for 15% ~ 25% of the friction area of the bearing.The present invention not only has the characteristics of high structural strength, large bearing capacity and strong impact resistance of steel base material, but also has the characteristics of low friction of copper alloy material as friction pair, and the inlaid solid lubrication column has the excellent characteristics of self-lubrication and wear resistance.The invention can be widely used in a variety of heavy-duty, low-speed and difficult to form lubricating oil film working conditions in the field, such as construction machinery, mining metallurgical machinery, lifting machinery, transport roller table, injection molding machine and high-precision mold, etc.
GCr15 Hardened Steel Bearings Manufacturer
GCr15 Steel Graphite Bushings is a solid lubrication product embedded with solid lubricant after sintering tin bronze powder in the matrix of the steel sleeve. In addition to the function of graphite plugged bronze bushing, it can save cost and improve compressive strength.Its end face can be welded and installed with the matrix.
Self-lubricating Parts Most Requested Online Metal Bearings: Shop Precision Parts
It is a GCr15 special steel alloy based product. The surface is machined with a uniform pattern of holes filled with solid lubricant. The steel lubrication products show strong anti-pressure ability so they can be applied on a prop-up position in auto moulds, excavators and other applications under similar operating conditions.
Oil-free bearings (oil-free plain bearings) are used for plain bearings. Oil-free lubricated bearings are designed for self-lubricating, oil-free bearings, smooth operation, reliable, and noise-free. Liquid lubrication conditions, separated from the lubricant does not directly contact the sliding surface, you can greatly reduce friction loss and surface wear, this film also has a certain degree of impact absorption.
Steel base inlaid type self-lubricated bearing is the reinforced product, has the high compressive performance, can discharge the lubrication particle in the work, causes the shaft and the sleeve to produce a layer of diaphragm, has the advantage of more anti-bite than the monomer oil lubrication, is particularly suitable in the lifting machinery support part.
| Product details | ||||
| Material and bearing performance | unit | value | unit | value |
| Maximum dynamic load | MPA | 300 | psi | 43500 |
| Maximum static load | MPA | 200 | psi | 29000 |
| Working temperature | °C | -100to300 | °F | -148to572 |
| Dry friction | ||||
| Maximum linear velocity | m/s | 0.17 | fpm | 34 |
| The largest PV value | m/s | 1.5 | psi*fpm | 43500 |
| Minimum hardness of product | HRC | 50 | HRC | 50 |
Solid Lubricants Bearings Bushing Parts
it is suitable for metallurgical machinery, construction machinery and oil transport machinery can not be refueling field.
Technical Parameters:
Base material: GCr15
Bearing capacity: 250N/mm2
Basic hardness: HB58~60
Friction coefficient μ: <0.17
Higher sliding speed: 0.1m/s
Higher use temperature: 350 ° C
Use PV value: 2.5N/mm2*m/s
|
Technical data
|
|||
|
|
Hardness
|
HRC
|
≥50
|
|
Coefficient of linear expansion
|
X0.00001/℃
|
1.1
|
|
|
Dynamic load
|
Maximum load
|
N/mm²
|
200
|
|
Operating temperature
|
Minimal
|
℃
|
-100
|
|
Maximum
|
℃
|
300
|
|
|
|
Maximum sliding speed
|
m/s
|
0.25
|
|
Maximum PV factor
|
N/mm²·m/min
|
1.5
|
|
When looking into using a 45# grade steel graphite bearing, it’s crucial to know about the steel’s strength and the benefits of graphite bearings for certain industrial uses.
45# Grade Steel: This is a high-quality carbon steel with about 0.42-0.50% carbon content, giving it great hardness and strength. It’s perfect for parts needing more strength and resistance to wear, like gear shafts, crankshafts, and cylinders. It has a tensile strength of 590-690 MPa and a yield strength of 335-490 MPa, varying with the heat treatment. This steel is often chosen for parts that are normalized or heat-treated for surface improvements.
Graphite Bearings: These are self-lubricating, made from graphite and metal powders, and don’t need external lubrication. The graphite in the bearings keeps them running smoothly, making them ideal for high-temperature or speed situations where regular lubrication won’t work. They’re known for handling heavy loads, low friction, resisting chemicals, and enduring extreme temperatures, useful in harsh conditions found in mining, construction, and aerospace industries.
Combining 45# Grade Steel with Graphite Bearings: Using 45# grade steel with graphite for bearings offers a strong, durable, and self-lubricating option for applications that need to withstand high stress, wear, and varying temperatures. This combination is especially good for machinery or equipment where regular maintenance is hard to do or where traditional lubricants might cause contamination. This blend is ideal for heavy machinery, automotive parts, and aerospace components that face tough conditions.
In summary, 45# grade steel graphite bearings merge the strength and wear resistance of high-quality carbon steel with the self-lubricating features of graphite, making them a top choice for many industrial applications requiring reliability and high performance.
When comparing 45# steel to GCr15 hardened steel, it’s key to look at their makeup, characteristics, and common uses to see how they differ and where each is excellent applied.
45# Steel:
- Composition: This steel has a carbon content of 0.42% to 0.50%, plus elements such as silicon, manganese, and a few others.
- Properties: With a tensile strength of 590 MPa and yield strength of 310 MPa, it’s known for good machinability and is used in parts requiring added strength.
- Applications: It’s perfect for high-strength, high-wear parts in the automotive, machinery, and construction sectors.
GCr15 Hardened Steel:
- Composition: This is a high-carbon chromium alloy steel, enriched with chromium and other elements for improved qualities.
- Properties: It achieves high hardness (62-66 HRc) after heat treatment, offering excellent wear resistance and machinability, making it ideal for bearings.
- Applications: This steel is chosen for bearings in rotating machinery, and other high-wear components in engines, machine tools, and mining equipment.
Differences:
- Composition and Properties: GCr15 contains chromium, enhancing its hardness and wear resistance over 45# steel, which is simpler in composition.
- Applications: While 45# steel is versatile in machinery parts needing strength and wear resistance, GCr15 is specifically tailored for bearings and other components requiring high hardness and endurance against fatigue.
In essence, the choice between 45# steel and GCr15 depends on the application’s specific needs. For general machinery components where strength and resistance to wear are paramount, 45# steel is a solid option. Conversely, GCr15 hardened steel is the go-to for bearings and similar applications demanding exceptional hardness and resistance to fatigue.
🔩 GCr15 Steel Bearing Bushing – Technical Specification
📌 Material Equivalents (International Standards)
| Standard | Grade |
|---|---|
| China (GB) | GCr15 |
| Germany (DIN) | 100Cr6 |
| Japan (JIS) | SUJ2 |
| USA (AISI/ASTM) | 52100 |
| ISO | ISO 683-17 100Cr6 |
🧪 Chemical Composition (%)
| Element | Content |
|---|---|
| C | 0.95 – 1.05 |
| Si | 0.15 – 0.35 |
| Mn | 0.25 – 0.45 |
| Cr | 1.40 – 1.65 |
| Mo | ≤ 0.10 |
| P | ≤ 0.025 |
| S | ≤ 0.025 |
| Ni | ≤ 0.30 |
| Cu | ≤ 0.25 |
⚙️ Heat Treatment Condition
-
Typical Condition: Quenched and Tempered (Q+T)
-
Heat Treatment Process:
-
Hardening: Oil or salt bath quenching at ~840–860 °C
-
Tempering: 150–200 °C
-
Austenitizing temperature: ~840–870 °C
-
Tempering after quenching is essential to relieve internal stress and stabilize structure.
-
🧱 Hardness
-
After heat treatment:
-
HRC 60 – 64 (commonly 62 ±1)
-
Microhardness of retained austenite and martensite can also be analyzed if needed.
-
📈 Mechanical Properties (Typical after Heat Treatment)
| Property | Typical Value |
|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (Rm) | ≥ 850 MPa |
| Yield Strength (Rp0.2) | ≥ 640 MPa |
| Elongation (A) | ≥ 10% |
| Impact Toughness (Akv) | ≥ 15 J |
| Modulus of Elasticity | ~210 GPa |
| Fatigue Strength (σ−1) | ≥ 400 MPa (in air) |
| Density | ~7.81 g/cm³ |
🔍 Note: Exact mechanical values depend on component geometry, heat treatment process, and testing conditions.
✅ Key Features
-
High hardness and wear resistance
-
Excellent dimensional stability
-
Superior fatigue resistance under rolling or sliding contact
-
Good polishability and machinability before heat treatment
📦 Typical Applications
-
Bearing bushings & sleeves
-
Rolling bearings
-
Linear motion components
-
Gear components
-
Precision mechanical parts
Browse our Services for Custom Bearings,
Plain Bearings in Various Industries
